Kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws

Nyob rau lub ntees ntawm World Lung Cancer Day (Lub Yim Hli 1st), cia peb saib txog kev tiv thaiv kev mob ntsws cancer.

Zam kev pheej hmoo thiab kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav.

Kev zam txim rau mob qog noj ntshav yuav pab tiv thaiv qee yam mob qog noj ntshav.Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai muaj xws li haus luam yeeb, rog dhau, thiab tsis tau txais kev tawm dag zog txaus.Kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv xws li kev txiav luam yeeb thiab kev tawm dag zog kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv qee yam qog noj ntshav.Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob lossis lwm tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv txog seb koj yuav txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov hauv qab no yog yam muaj feem cuam tshuam rau mob ntsws cancer:

1. Cov luam yeeb, luam yeeb, thiab cov yeeb nkab

Kev haus luam yeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau mob qog noj ntshav.Cov luam yeeb, luam yeeb, thiab cov yeeb nkab haus luam yeeb tag nrho ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer.Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau kwv yees li 9 ntawm 10 tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov txiv neej thiab kwv yees li 8 ntawm 10 tus neeg mob ntsws cancer hauv cov poj niam.

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias kev haus luam yeeb tsawg tar lossis cov luam yeeb nicotine tsawg tsis txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tseem qhia tau hais tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb nce ntxiv nrog rau cov luam yeeb haus luam yeeb ib hnub thiab cov xyoo haus luam yeeb.Cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj kwv yees li 20 npaug ntawm kev pheej hmoo mob ntsws cancer piv rau cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb.

2. Cov pa luam yeeb thib ob

Kev raug cov pa luam yeeb thib ob kuj yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.Cov pa luam yeeb thib ob yog cov pa luam yeeb los ntawm cov luam yeeb los yog lwm yam khoom siv luam yeeb, lossis cov pa luam yeeb tawm los ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb.Cov neeg uas nqus tau cov pa luam yeeb thib ob raug rau tib neeg ua rau mob qog noj ntshav li cov neeg haus luam yeeb, txawm tias tsawg dua.Kev nqus pa luam yeeb thib ob yog hu ua kev haus luam yeeb tsis txaus siab lossis tsis muaj kev haus luam yeeb.

3. Tsev neeg keeb kwm

Muaj tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob ntsws cancer yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.Cov neeg uas muaj ib tug txheeb ze uas tau mob ntsws cancer yuav muaj ob zaug yuav mob ntsws cancer li cov neeg uas tsis muaj ib tug txheeb ze uas tau mob ntsws cancer.Vim tias kev haus luam yeeb zoo li khiav hauv tsev neeg thiab cov neeg hauv tsev neeg raug cov pa luam yeeb thib ob, nws nyuaj rau paub seb qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog los ntawm tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob ntsws cancer los yog los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb.

4. Kab mob HIV

Kev kis tus kab mob human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), uas ua rau kis tau tus kab mob immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), yog txuas nrog kev pheej hmoo siab mob ntsws cancer.Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob HIV yuav muaj ntau dua ob npaug ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer ntau dua li cov neeg uas tsis muaj mob.Txij li cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj ntau dua rau cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob HIV ntau dua li cov neeg tsis muaj tus kab mob, nws tsis paub meej tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer ntau dua yog los ntawm tus kab mob HIV los yog los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb.

5. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib puag ncig

• Kev raug hluav taws xob: Kev raug hluav taws xob yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.Atomic foob pob hluav taws xob, kev kho hluav taws xob, kev kuaj pom, thiab radon yog qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob raug:
• Atomic foob pob hluav taws: raug hluav taws xob tom qab tawg atomic foob pob ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer.
• Kev kho hluav taws xob: Kev kho hluav taws xob rau lub hauv siab tuaj yeem siv los kho qee yam qog noj ntshav, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav mis thiab Hodgkin lymphoma.Kev kho hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob x-rays, gamma rays, lossis lwm hom hluav taws xob uas yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer.Qhov siab dua qhov koob tshuaj hluav taws xob tau txais, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua.Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer tom qab kev kho hluav taws xob yog siab dua hauv cov neeg mob uas haus luam yeeb dua li cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb.
• Kev kuaj duab: Kev kuaj duab, xws li CT scans, nthuav tawm cov neeg mob rau hluav taws xob.Tsawg-dose spiral CT scans nthuav tawm cov neeg mob kom muaj hluav taws xob tsawg dua li cov koob tshuaj CT ntau dua.Hauv kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub ntsws, kev siv cov tshuaj qis qis CT scans tuaj yeem txo qhov teeb meem ntawm hluav taws xob.
• Radon: Radon yog cov roj hluav taws xob uas tawm los ntawm kev tawg ntawm uranium hauv pob zeb thiab av.Nws nkag mus rau hauv av, thiab ntws mus rau hauv huab cua lossis dej.Radon tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tsev los ntawm kev tawg hauv pem teb, phab ntsa, lossis lub hauv paus, thiab qib ntawm radon tuaj yeem tsim tau raws sijhawm.

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias cov pa roj radon siab hauv tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm ua rau muaj tus kabmob tshiab ntawm lub ntsws thiab cov neeg tuag los ntawm kev mob ntsws cancer.Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer yog siab dua hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb raug radon ntau dua li cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb uas raug rau nws.Hauv cov neeg uas tsis tau haus luam yeeb, kwv yees li 26% ntawm cov neeg tuag los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav tau txuas nrog raug radon.

6. Qhov chaw ua haujlwm raug

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias raug rau cov tshuaj hauv qab no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer:

• Asbestos.
• Arsenic.
• Chromium.
• Nickel.
• Beryllium.
• Cadmium.
• Tar thiab soot.

Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws cancer hauv cov neeg uas raug rau lawv hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab tsis tau haus luam yeeb.Raws li theem ntawm kev raug rau cov tshuaj no nce, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer kuj nce.Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog ntau dua rau cov neeg uas raug mob thiab haus luam yeeb.

• Huab cua muaj kuab paug: Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua ntau dua ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob ntsws cancer.

7. Beta carotene ntxiv rau cov neeg haus luam yeeb hnyav

Noj cov tshuaj beta carotene (cov tshuaj) ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb uas haus luam yeeb ib lossis ntau lub pob ib hnub.Qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb uas muaj tsawg kawg ib qho dej cawv txhua hnub.

Cov hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws cancer:

1. Tsis haus luam yeeb

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv mob ntsws cancer yog tsis haus luam yeeb.

2. Txiav luam yeeb

Cov neeg haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer los ntawm kev txiav tawm.Hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb uas tau kho mob ntsws cancer, kev txiav luam yeeb txo qis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav tshiab.Kev tawm tswv yim, kev siv cov khoom siv hloov nicotine, thiab kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tau pab cov neeg haus luam yeeb txiav tawm kom zoo.

Hauv ib tus neeg uas tau txiav luam yeeb, txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv kev mob ntsws cancer nyob ntawm seb tus neeg haus luam yeeb ntau npaum li cas thiab lub sij hawm ntev npaum li cas txij li txiav luam yeeb.Tom qab ib tug neeg tau txiav luam yeeb rau 10 xyoo, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer txo 30% mus rau 60%.

Txawm hais tias txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag los ntawm lub ntsws cancer tuaj yeem txo qis heev los ntawm kev txiav luam yeeb rau lub sijhawm ntev, qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav tsis tsawg npaum li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb.Vim li no nws tseem ceeb heev rau cov tub ntxhais hluas tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.

3. Tsawg raug cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm muaj feem cuam tshuam

Cov kev cai lij choj uas tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob raug cov khoom ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, xws li asbestos, arsenic, npib tsib xee, thiab chromium, yuav pab txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav.Cov kev cai lij choj tiv thaiv kev haus luam yeeb hauv chaw ua haujlwm pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb thib ob.

4. Tsawg raug radon

Kev txo qis radon yuav txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb.Cov qib siab ntawm radon hauv tsev yuav raug txo los ntawm kev ua cov kauj ruam los tiv thaiv radon to, xws li kev sib khi hauv qab daus.

Nws tsis paub meej tias cov hauv qab no txo ​​qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer:

1. Kev noj haus

Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias cov neeg uas noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog zaub ntau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua li cov neeg uas noj tsawg.Txawm li cas los xij, txij li cov neeg haus luam yeeb nyiam noj zaub mov tsis zoo dua li cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb, nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom paub seb qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg yog los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo lossis tsis haus luam yeeb.

2. Kev ua si lub cev

Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias cov neeg uas siv lub cev muaj zog muaj feem yuav mob ntsws cancer tsawg dua cov neeg uas tsis yog.Txawm li cas los xij, txij li cov neeg haus luam yeeb nyiam muaj ntau theem ntawm kev ua lub cev ntau dua li cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb, nws nyuaj rau paub yog tias kev ua si lub cev cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov hauv qab no tsis txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntsws cancer:

1. Cov tshuaj beta carotene hauv cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb

Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg tsis haus luam yeeb qhia tau hais tias noj cov tshuaj beta carotene tsis txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

2. Cov tshuaj vitamin E

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias kev noj cov tshuaj vitamin E tsis cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Qhov chaw:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62825&type=1